Sound Equipment 101

You've chosen the event space, hired a DJ (or a(Active) versus Unpowered (Passive)" speakers.
band) and then you find out you'll also have to rentSpeakers
sound equipment.There are two types of speakers generally used at
"Is that like, umm, speakers and stuff?"most events: unpowered (Passive) and powered
Unless you were a DJ or a sound techie in a past(Active) speakers.
lifetime, chances are audio-visual lingo is as foreign toPowered speakers (active speakers) have a built in
you as Aramaic.amplifier.
Don't panic.Advantages
Learn the basics of sound equipment and you'll soon- Can be connected directly to a mixer. - Avoids the
be on your way to a great party.necessity of speaker to amplifier matching
There are four main components of a basic soundDisadvantages - Electrical source required for each
system: audio mixer, amplifier, speaker, and microphonespeaker - Increased number of cables required for
(more info below). In addition, you might need otherconnection to each speaker - Often less powerful and
equipment including turntables, an iPod console andless durable then unpowered speakers.
more depending on the event.Unpowered speakers (passive speakers) requires a
Audio Mixers (Sound Boards)separate amplifier.
Audio mixers - a "mixer" - is an electronic device thatAdvantages - Reduced number of cables required for
allows multiple audio equipment to be connected to theconnection to each speaker - Often more powerful
sound system. This is a necessary item comprised ofand more durable then powered speakers
multiple inputs each with a volume control used toDisadvantages - A separate amplifier is required for
control audio levels.use with speaker
The number of input required on your mixer willFor a more robust sound (found commonly in
depend on the number of items (microphones,nightclubs and dance parties), Sub-bass speakers
turntables, an iPod, etc.) that will be connected to theshould also be considered. This is a speaker dedicated
sound system.to low-frequency sounds and adds a distinct presents
Mixers geared toward DJ's include additional featuresof low end sounds.
include a cross fader used for transitions betweenMicrophones
connected audio equipment.There are three basic kinds of microphones: traditional,
Mixers are highly recommended when using awireless and lavaliers.
microphone in order to have better control of theTraditional microphones have a wire that can vary in
volume, feedbacks and quality of the sound.length that connect to your mixer.
AmplifiersAdvantages:
An amplifier - "amps" - is a device that increases the- You don't have to worry about loosing connectivity
amplitude of a signal (the voltage or current) sent toduring a speech/presentation. Disadvantages:
the speakers. In laymen's terms, amplifiers are- The wires and limited mobility.
absolutely necessary to produce sound.Wireless Microphones are similar to a traditional
Amplifiers can be separate or built in to a speaker.microphone but with a cord. Microphone but it has a
See below for the pros and cons of "Poweredchord.